Global
Scenario
- Groundnut Arachis hypogaea Linnaeus
is one of the world's important oilseed crops. Its seeds
are a rich source of edible oil (43-55%) and protein (25-28%).
- Groundnut kernels are approx. 70% of
weight in shells and kernels have an oil recovery of 40-42%.
- Global production of groundnut seed
and oil oscillates between 21-24 and 4-5.5 million tons.
- China (2-2.5 million tons), India (1.5-2
million tons) are the major producers of groundnut oil,
followed by Sub-Saharan African countries and Central and
South America.
- Global trade of groundnut oil is to
the maximum of 1 lakh tons a year. EU and US are major importers.
Senegal and Argentina are the major exporters.
- Groundnut kernels are approx. 70% of
weight in shells and kernels have an oil recovery of 40-42%.
Indian Scenario
- Groundnut is the major oilseed of India.
. It accounts for around 25% of the total oilseed production
of the country. Annual production of seed and oil are around
5-8 and 1.5 million tons respectively.
- Production is highly vulnerable to rainfall
deviations and display huge fluctuation between years.
- Gujarat (1-3.5 million tons), Tamil
Nadu (1million tons), Andhra Pradesh (1-2 million tons),
Karnataka (0.5 million tons), Maharashtra (0.5 million tons)
are the major producers of seed.
- Around 75% of the crop is produced in
khariff (June - September) and remaining 25% in rabi (November
- March).
- India exported around 1 lakh tons of
groundnut oil in 2003-04 after 4 decades, as crop failed
in Senegal and Argentina.
India In World Groundnut Industry
(Rounded
figs.) |
India
|
World
|
%
Share |
| |
(In
million tons) |
|
Annual Seed Production |
6.5 |
23 |
28.2 |
| Annual
Oil Production |
1.5 |
5 |
30 |
Annual
Oil Consumption |
1.5 |
5 |
30 |
Major Trading centres
Rajkot, Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Indore and Delhi are the major
trading centres.
Price Volatility
Daily
Volatility in % |
<
1 |
1
- 3 |
>
3 |
| Groundnut
Oil Raw |
78.18 |
20.36 |
1.45 |
Maximum Daily Variation in 2003-04 is 6.7%
Factors Influencing groundnut Oil
Markets
- Weather at the major domestic producing
centers. The southwest monsoon is the most important factor
that determines the area sown, production and prices.
- Price of other competitive oils in India,
viz., soyoil, palmoil, cottonseed oil, sunfloweroil and
mustard oil.
- International price movement of soyoil
at CBOT and palmoil at BMD, Malaysia also influence the
groundnut oil prices.
- Festivals and celebrations also increase
consumption and the prices.
|
